U.S. production of natural gas liquids is projected to increase by 17% this year, and by another 10% in 2020, according to RBN’s forecast. These gains will result in similar increases in the output of propane and normal butane — two NGL purity products generally referred to as LPG — and, with U.S. demand for LPG expected to stay relatively flat, most of the incremental volumes will be sent to export terminals for shipment to foreign buyers. The question is, will the nine U.S. marine terminals that are equipped to send out LPG have enough capacity to handle the much-higher flows? Today, we continue our series with a review of four smaller export terminals along the Gulf and East coasts.
This is the third and penultimate episode in our series in which we’ve been discussing the U.S.’s flip from net LPG importer to net exporter seven years ago and the challenges presented by fast-growing propane/butane export volumes. As we said in Part 1, waterborne LPG exports soared to an average of more than 1.1 MMb/d in 2018, with about 92% of those volumes being sent out of the half-dozen LPG terminals in coastal Texas and Louisiana. The rest of the exports-by-ship are flowing through a total of three smaller terminals in the Mid-Atlantic region and Pacific Northwest. We concluded Part 1 with a review of the Gulf Coast’s — and the U.S.’s — largest LPG export facility: the Enterprise Hydrocarbon Terminal (EHT; dark blue dot and lettering in Figure 1), which is located on the Houston Ship Channel and whose capacity is in the midst of being expanded to 720 Mb/d from the current 545 Mb/d. According to our NGL Voyager report, EHT sent out an average of 447 Mb/d of LPG last year, or about 40% of total U.S. LPG exports by ship.
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About the song
"Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea" was written by Harold Arlen (music) and Ted Koehler (lyrics) in 1931. It was first performed at the Cotton Club show "Rhythmania" in 1931. Cab Calloway released the first recording of the song, also in 1931. Many artists have recorded the tune over the years, including Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby, Peggy Lee, Ella Fitzgerald and George Harrison. It was most recently featured in the 2013 Broadway show "After Midnight."
George Harrison's version appeared as the 10th cut on his 2002 album, Brainwashed. It was Harrison's 12th and final studio solo album, released posthumously in November 2002, almost a year after his passing at the age of 58. It was the only song on the album not penned by Harrison. The primary personnel on Brainwashed were George Harrison, his close friend Jeff Lynne, his son Dhani Harrison, and long-time drummer and friend Jim Keltner. The record was produced by George and Dhani Harrison, and Jeff Lynne. It made it to #18 on the Billboard Top 200 Albums chart, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.
George Harrison was an English musician, singer-songwriter, and music and film producer who achieved worldwide fame and success as a member of the Beatles.
