The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a proposed rule Friday that details the Methane Emissions Reduction Program (MERP), which features the federal government’s first-ever fee on the emissions of any greenhouse gas (GHG). Funding for the program was included in 2022’s Inflation Reduction Act (IRA).
MERP’s key element is the methane emissions charge, which it authorizes the EPA to collect from certain entities in the oil and natural gas sector. The fee will start at $900/MT for emissions exceeding the threshold in 2024, with the charge being applied the following year. The fee jumps to $1,200/MT for emissions reported in 2025, then to $1,500/MT in 2026. The EPA expects MERP to reduce emissions by 6.4 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMtCO2e) in 2024, then ramp up sharply, reaching 130 MMtCO2 by 2028 (see graphic below).